miloney



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

J. A. MALONEY.

TELEGRAPHIG RELAY AND REPEATER.

Patented Nov. 27, 1883.

INVENTOR A?! Attorney WITNESSES 6&4 g m W 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

J. A. MALONEY.

TELEGRAPHIG RELAY AND REPEATER.

No. 289,285. Patented Nov. 27, 1883.

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COOPER, OF SAME PLACE.

TELEGRAPHiC RELAY AND REPEATEP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 289,285, dated November 27', 1883. Application filed July '28, lSSLB. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, Jl-mnis A. MxLoxnY, of \Vashington city, in the District of Columbia, have invented certain new and useful Improve- 5 ments in Telegraphic Relays and Repeaters, of

which the following is a specification.

It is my object to obtain a relay or repeater which shall be very much more sensitive to weak currents than are instruments of that kind now in general use, so as to permit long lines to be operated by battery-power materially less than that which must be employed under the present systems of telegraphy. My aim has been to retain in the instrument, as far I as practicable, maximum magnetic effects. and

at the same time to reduce to aminimum the extra-current effects, to decrease its internal re sistancewithoutimpairing its efficiency,and to make its core capable of quickly charging and To this end I have devised an instrument which can best be explained and understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which I have represented a relay containing my improvements.

Figure l is a side elevation of the instrument. Fig. 2 is a plan of it. Fig. 3 is a side elevation, partly in section, of the electro-mag net .detached. Fig. 4 is a front elevation of the two cores or poles of the magnet. Fig. 5 is a front elevation of the armature detached.

The base X of the instrument is made of wood or other insulatingmaterial. The binding-posts l 2 connect the electro-magnet to line, and the binding-posts 3 4 are for the local circuit containing the sounder or other instrument therein used.

The two soft-iron poles or legs of the electro-magnet are shown at A B. They are not solid, but are composed each of a bundle of soft-iron wires laid compactly together and bound together in this position by rings a. The two are connected at the rear by screwing together the soft-iron socketpieces b, into which their rear ends are inserted. The magnet is so placed that the axes of the legs A B are in the same vertical plane. Only one pole or leg, A, of the elcctro-magnet is covered by a helix. The other, 13, is bare. The helix A, whose terminals are electrically connected to line-posts 1 2, as usual, is wound not in the ordinary way, but in steps, as shown in section in Fig. 3. The greatest number of coils is at the front, and they thence gradually decrease toward the neutral point. The helix is covered by a sheath or shell, 0, of hard rubber or other insulating material, and the upper bare leg, B, is brought down so as to lie in close proximity to the helix. By using one helix only I reduce very materially the cxtra-current effects, and the reduction is further in creased by making this helix of low resistance, which I am enabled to do by winding it as represented in the drawings, for I thus get rid of a mass of practically useless wires, while preserving at the pole the number of coils 6 which are required to make the instrument efficient; and by making the legs of bundles of soft-iron wire the charging and discharging of the poles take place with much greater rapidity. All of these features, together with 0 the general arrangement of the magnet rela tively to its armature, combine to render the instrument thoroughly efficient, and at the same time adapted to be worked by very weak currents and by small battery-power.

In front of the poles of the magnet is the ar- 1naturelever O, which is made of soft iron, so as to constitute the armature also. It is pivoted in the usual manner in a frame, 0, its axis of vibration being below the level of the 80 lower pole, A, and at right angles with the vertical plane in which the two poles or legs lie.

D is the usual bracket, through a hole, (Z, in which (lined with insulating material) passes 8 5 the retract-ile armature-spring e, whiehis provided with the customary means for adjusting it. The br cket carries the usual front and rear adjusting-screws, fg, for regulating the range of movement of the armature. Screw 0 has a tip of insulating material. The other screw, y, is the contact-point through which the local circuit is closed. The armature is in electrical connection with binding-post 3, and the bracket is electrically connected to bind 5 ing-post a, as indicated in Fig 2.

The mode of operation of the instrument is similar to that of other relays and requires no explanation.

In conclusion, I state that an elcctro-mag- IOO net having one only of its legs provided with a coil is not new with me; nor is it new to form the legs of an eleetro-magnet of a bundle of soft-iron wires; but I am not aware that a relay or other main-line telegraphic instrument has ever before been devised characterized by the combination of said elements in connection with an armature under the arrangement hereinbefore described, whereby the resistance is made low, the extra-current effects are materially lessened, and the charge and discharge are caused to take place with great rapidity, all of which features combined to enhance the ef iciency and working capacity of the instrument,and to permit a material reduction of the battery-power for operating it. Having described my improvements, what I claim as new and of my own invention is 1. In a telegraphic relay or similar mainline telegraphic instrument, an eleetro-mag net having legs formed of bundles of sottiron wire, onelegbeingprovidedwithacoilor helix, and the otllerleg being bare and placed in close proximity to the covered leg, in combination with an armature electrically independent of 25 said magnet, and arranged so as to vibrate in front of both magnet-poles, substantially as and for the purposes hereinbet'ore set forth.

2. The combination of the legs A B, formed of bundles of soft-iron wire, and the helix or coil A, wound in steps, so as to gradually re duce the mass of wire in the direction of the neutral point, substantially as described.

3. The combination, with the two soft-iron legs of an electro-magnet, of a helix surrounding one leg only, and wound in steps, so as to gradually reduce the mass of conducting-wire in the direction of the neutral point, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my 0 hand this 28th day of July, 1883.

' JAMES A. MALONEY.

Witnesses:

EWALL A. DICK, J. WALTER BLANDFORD. 

